Foreword
Praise the presence of Almighty God upon every overflow of grace, Inayah, Taufik and Hinayahnya so I can finish the preparation of this paper in the form and content of which is very simple. Hopefully, this paper can be used as a reference, in the teaching and learning activities, so as to achieve competence that is expected.
I hope this paper may help increase knowledge and experience for the reader, so that I can improve the form and content of the paper so that the future can be better.
The paper I admit there are still many shortcomings because of the experience I have had very less. By because I expected it to readers to provide feedback that is constructive for the perfection of this paper.
Table of contents
Foreword .......................................................................................... 1List 23Pentium I ................................................................................................... 5Pentium II .................................................................................................. 6Pentium III ................................................................................................. 7Pentium IV ................................................................................................ 9PC Components ............................................................................................ 11PC assembly ....................................................................................... 13Operating System .......................................................................................... 19WWW / Web Site ......................................................................................... 24Bibliography ........................................................................................... 25
Preliminary
In this chapter I will tell about the introduction of the introduction of the Pentium computer operating system to the {OS}. Besides that, this chapter also provides procedures for assembling a computer and explanation of its components. Therefore, It is important for students to read this paper to increase knowledge in computer science
Pentium
Pentium I {pro}
NameProcessorIntel Pentium ProName perkenaan Intel P65,500,000 transistors {processor}{15,500,000 per 256 kb L2 cache}Launcher 1 November 1995Speed range 150 MHz to 200 MHzThe front side bus FSB} {60 and 66 MhzProcessproduction of 280 nm{16 KB L1 cache 8 KB cacheL2 Cache 256-1024 KB, in the body, full speedAssociative L2 cache type two lanesRewrite32-bit internal registersVoltage of 3.3 VoltsPGA Processor Support-pin Grid Array {} Dual 387-pin cavitySocket connection to the parent board 8ManagementPower System Management Mode SMM {}Multiprocessor support Yes, MPS 1.1
Pentium II
Pentium Pro "Klamath" is the codename of Intel processor peak. This processor Pentium Pro end the series there is a reduction in part and in part there is improvement.Introduced May 7, 1997, the Pentium II has these features:• CPU is put together with 512 KB L2 within a module SECC (Single Edge Contact Cartridge)• Connected to the motherboard using the link / connector slot one and P6 GTL + bus.• MMX commands.• Repairs to run 16-bit programs (fun for users of Windows 3.11)• Doubling and improved L1 cache (16 KB + 16 KB).• Internal Speed increased from 233 MHz to 300 MHz (higher next version).• L2 Cache CPU working at half speed.With the new design, the bus has its own L2 cache. L2 cache to work at half the speed of the CPU, such as 133 MHz or 150 MHz. Definitely a setback from the Pentium Pro, which can work at 200 MHz between the CPU and L2 cache. This is answered by the L1 cache. Below shows the comparison:Pentium II has been available in 233, 266, 300, 333.350, 400, 450, and 500 MHz (higher speed soon appear). With the i810 chip set 8244BX and Pentium II has a good performance at all.Pentium II shaped large rectangular plastic box, which contains the CPU and cache. There is also a small controller (S824459AB) and cooling fan with a large size.
Pentium IIIPentium III is the sixth generation of microprocessors made by Intel, which was launched officially on February 26, 1999 as the successor to the Intel Pentium II processor.
Name
processorIntel Pentium III
Name introductionsKatmaiCoppermineTualatinKatmai Launch: February 1999Coppermine: November 1999Tualatin: December 2000
ProcessKatmai production: 250 nmCoppermine: 180 nmTualatin: 130 nm
Includes floating-point (equal to the Pentium II)
TransistorKatmai: 40.5 million (512 KB L2 cache inside the cartridge)Coppermine: 28.1 million (256 KB L2 cache in the processor body)Tualatin: 44,000,000 (512 KB L2 cache in the processor body)
Additional instruction 57 instruction MMX (Multimedia Extension)70 instructions SSE (Streaming SIMD Extension)Processor serial number (PSN)
EndorsementNot multiprocessor (see also Intel Pentium III Xeon)
Managementthe APM (Advanced Power Management)ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface)Intel SpeedStep (specifically Intel Pentium III Mobile)
The market share of the desktop computer and mobileDisabled multiplier on desktop processors, dynamically changing series mobile processorsReachKatmai speed (Slot 1): 450 MHz, 500 MHz, 533B MHz, 550 MHz, 600 MHz, MHz 600BCoppermine (Slot 1): MHz 500E, 533EB MHz, MHz 550E, 600E, 600EB MHz, 650MHz, 700MHz, 750MHz, 800MHz, 800EB MHz, 850MHz, 900MHz, 1000MHz, 1100MHzCoppermine (PGA Socket 370): 600MHz, 677MHz, 733MHz, 866MHz, 933MHz;Tualatin (PGA Socket 370): 1.133MHz, 1.133S MHz, 1.200MHz, 1.266MHz, 1.266S MHz, 1.333MHz, 1.400S MHzBus sidefront (FSB) Katmai: 100MHzKatmai B: 133MHzCoppermine: 133MHzCoppermine E: 100MHzCoppermine EB: 133MHzTualatin: 133MHz
L1 cache32 KB (16 KB instruction cache, 16 KB data cache)
Type L1 cacheInclusiveL2 cacheKatmai: 512 KB, on a cartridge, limited speedCoppermine: 256 KB, in the body, full speedTualatin: 512 KB, in the body, full speedType L2 cacheAssociativeL3 cacheThere is noCache memory4 GB
Registerinternal 32-bitData busexternal bus system 64-bit ECCL2 cache 64-bit bus with optional ECC
Memory bus36-bitStandprocessorPGA (Pin-Grid Array)FC-PGA (Flip-Chip Pin-Grid Array)FC-PGA 2 (second revision)
Pentium 4Is a seventh-generation microprocessors made by Intel and released officially on November 20, 2000, continuing the Pentium III processor. Name is the first generation introductions Willamette, then developed again with the introduction of the name of Northwood, Prescott, and Cedar-Mill.(Intel ® Pentium ® 4 Processor) Processor Intel Pentium IV is a product that speeds up the process is able to penetrate the speed of 3.06 GHz. First time out this processor with 1.5GHz speed formafactor pin 423, after the revamp intel Intel Pentium 4 processor formfactor be the start of a 478 pin Intel Pentium 4 processor 1.3 GHz speed until a new speed is now capable of penetrating up to 3.4 GH
NameprocessorIntel Pentium 4
Name introductionsWillametteNorthwoodPrescottCedar-MillBroadWillamette cross section: 217 mm2Northwood: 131 mm2Prescott: 112 mm2ProcessWillamette production: 180 nmNorthwood: 130 nmPrescott: 90 nmCedar-Mill: 65 nm
Reachspeed of 1.3 GHz to 3.8 GHzTransistorWillamette: 42,000,000Northwood: 55,000,000Prescott: 125,000,000DirectiveAdditional x86, MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3 (Prescott and Cedar-Mill), EM64T (Prescott and Cedar-Mill), Intel xD (Execute Disable Bit to protect themselves from the threat of buffer overflow), Intel Hyper-Threading (some Northwood processors , Prescott, and Cedar-Mill), and Intel virtualization technology (Vanderpool)
Bus sidefront (FSB) 400 MHz, 533 MHz, 800 MHz, or 1066 MHz (quadruple character or quad)Pipeline Willamette and Northwood: 20Prescott and Cedar Mill: 31L1 cacheData Cache: 8 KB (Wilamette, Northwood); 16 KB (Prescott, Cedar-Mill)Instruction cache: 12 KB
L2 cache256 KB, 512 KB, or 1,024 KB, in the body, full speed (equivalent to the speed of the processor) with 256-bit lane widthType L2 cacheAssociative eight lanes, supports ECCCache memory4 GBStandprocessor423 FC-PGA (Flip-Chip Pin-Grid Array)Micro 478 FC-PGA (Flip-Chip Micro-Pin Grid Array)775 LGA (Land Grid Array)EndorsementNot multiprocessor (only supported by Intel Xeon)
MemorySDRAM supported: PC-133DDR-SDRAM: PC-2100, PC-2700, PC-3200 (one or two channels)2 DDR-SDRAM: PC-4200, PC-5300, PC-6400, PC-8000RDRAM: PC-600, PC-700, PC-800, PC-1066.
PC Components
Computers generally consists of 11 main hardware components. Of the 11 components that can be divided into three types based on their respective duties, namely input, processing and otuput. Here are the Hardwar resentment: to be in favor say multimedia, namely:Input:KEYBOARD-MOUSEKeyboard (the keyboard) is a tool for typing / entering letters, numbers, symbols specific to the software or operating system that is run by a computer. There are again several inputs that are rarely used, among other things: digitizer, and a joystick.Process:PROCESSOR / CPUPeople selring one kaparah within the meaning of the CPU calls. Most thought that the CPU is box / chasing, when the CPU is the processor itself. Overview of the processor is like the human brain where all the commands and processes in computer dihandel by this processor.
MAINBOARDMainboard or Motherboard is often referred to as the main board in chasing / box. Serves to organize all computer hardware resourse so intertwined perfectly and able to work well. All computer hardware can certainly connect to the mainboardHARDDISKIs in computer storage media (storage device). All files that we created, we put all the applications that will be stored on the hard disk.CD / DVD ROM / RWThis hardware includes type of optical device. Types included in the model of the old ROM (Reada are able to write the data that support the RW (read-write).MEMORY / RAMAlso referred to as main memory that serves to accelerate the process of working on computers. Memorynya the greater the faster processing speed also works.CASINGHardware is a hardware box to put in it so it looks neat from the outside. Usually in this case the power supply is included therein.Output:VGAIs short for Virtual Graphic Accelerator. This is the handle hardware display in the computer display. Without the existence of this hardware will not monitor capable of displaying images. There are 2 types of the External VGA (card) and Internal (onboard).MONITORMerupkan output equipment that is used to display the data, instructions and information in the form of text, graphics or images.SPEAKERIs one type of output device that converts electrical signals into audio frequency by vibrating komponenya shaped membrane / membrane. Spaker divided into several classes, standard type, type 2.1 (2 speakers 1 subwoofer) and type 5.1 (5 speakers 1 subwoofer)SOUNDCARDSound card (souncard) is a computer hardware that is used to issue and record sound. To get decent sound quality special added soundcard that supports 5.1 speaker tatasuara
PC assemblyThe following will be discussed on how to assemble a computer, especially for those who are just learning .. of some references that I learned .. then the following will explain step by step how to assemble a computer, hopefully useful .. Red. deden
Components of computer assemblers are available on the market with a wide selection of quality and price. By assembling their own computer, we can determine the type of components, capabilities and facilities of the computer as kebutuhan.Tahapan in computer assembly consists of:
A. PreparationB. AssemblyC. ExaminationD. Workaround
Preparation
Good preparation will ease in assembling a computer and avoid possible problems related timbul.Hal in preparation include:
1. Computer Configuration Determination2. Kompunen preparation and equipment3. Security
Computer Configuration Determination
Computer configuration relates to the determination of the components and features of the computer and how all components can work as a computer systems started liking kita.Penentuan component of this type of processor, motherboard, and other components. Factors suitability or compatibility of the components on the motherboard must be considered, because each type of motherboard supports the type of processor, memory modules, ports and I / O bus different.
Preparation Components and Supplies
Computer components and equipment for the assembly prepared for assembly prepared in advance to facilitate assembly. Prepared equipment consists of:
* Components of computer* Completeness of components such as cables, screws, jumpers, bolts, etc.* User manuals and references of components* Aid in the form of flat and philips screwdriver
Software operating system, device drivers and application programs.
As reference manuals necessary to know the position of the element connection diagram (connectors, ports and slots) and element configuration (jumpers and switches) and how to set jumpers and switches are suitable for computer or CD dirakit.Diskette Software needed to install the Operating System, device from device drivers, and application programs on a computer that is assembled.
Security
Safety precautions needed to avoid problems such as damage to the components by electrostatic charge, falls, excessive heat or spills cairan.Pencegahan damage due to static electricity by way of:
* Use anti-static wristband or touching a metal surface on the chassis before handling components to remove static charge.* Do not directly touch the electronic components, connectors or circuit line but holding the metal or plastic bodies contained in the component.
Assembly
Stages of the process on a computer assembly consists of:
1. Preparation motherboard2. Installing the Processor3. Installing the heatsink4. Installing the Memory Module5. installing motherboard in Casing6. Installing the Power Supply7. Installing the Motherboard Cable and Casing8. Installing the Drive9. Installing the Adapter Card10. Final Settlement
1. Preparation motherboard
Check the motherboard manual to determine the position of the jumpers for CPU speed setting, speed multiplier and input voltage to the motherboard. Set the jumper settings as per the instructions, set the jumpers fault voltage can damage the processor.
2. Installing the Processor
Processor is more easily installed before the motherboard occupies the casing. How to install the processor socket and slot types berbeda.Jenis socket
1. Determine the position of pin 1 on the processor and the processor socket on the motherboard, usually located on the corner marked with dots, triangles or indentation.2. Enforce the position of the locking lever to open the socket.3. Insert the processor into the socket by first aligning the position of the legs of the processor with the socket holes. Squeeze until there is no gap between the processor with the socket.4. Lower back locking lever.
Types of Slot
1. Put buffer (bracket) at the two ends of the slots on the motherboard so that the position of peg holes with a hole in the motherboard meet2. Enter then the locking pegs pegs pegs in holes
Slip between the processor card holder and press it to fit exactly into the slot hole.
3. Installing the Heatsink
Function is the heatsink dissipates heat generated by the processor through the conduction of heat from the processor to optimize heat transfer heatsink.Untuk the heatsink must be fitted tightly on the top of the processor with some clip as a drag on the heatsink while the contact surface coated conductor gene panas.Bila heatsink comes with fan the power connector on the fan is connected to the fan connectors on the motherboard.
4. Installing the Memory Module
Memory modules are generally installed sequentially from the smallest socket number. The order of installation can be seen from the diagram motherboard.Setiap the type of memory module SIMM, DIMM and RIMM can be distinguished by the position of grooves on the sides and bottom of modul.Cara installed for each type of memory module as follows.
SIMM types
1. Adjust the position of grooves on the module with the tab in the slot.2. Enter the module by making a 45 degree oblique angle to the slot3. Push the module straight up in the slot, the locking lever on the slot will automatically lock the module.
Type DIMM and RIMM
How to install a DIMM and RIMM modules together and there is only one way that will not be reversed because there are two grooves as a guide. DIMM and RIMM difference in the position of grooves
1. Lay latch on the end of the slot2. adjust the position of grooves on the connector module with the tab in the slot. and insert the module into the slot.3. Latch automatically locks the module in the right slot when the module is installed.
5. Installing the Motherboard in Casing
Motherboard mounted to the chassis with screws and mounting (standoff). Way of installation as follows:
1. Locate the mounting holes for each plastic and metal. Holes for mounting metal (metal spacer) is characterized by a ring on the edge of the hole.2. Put a metal or plastic holder on the tray casing in accordance with the position of each corresponding mounting holes on the motherboard.3. Place the motherboard on the casing so that the head holder tray out of the holes on the motherboard. Attach the locking screw on each metal holder.4. Attach frame I / O ports (I / O sheild) on the motherboard if any.5. Put the tray casing is mounted on the chassis and motherboard with a screw lock.
6. Installing the Power Supply
Some kind of casing is equipped with a power supply. When the power supply is not included then the way of installation as follows:
1. Enter the power supply on the shelf at the back of the casing. Attach the four screws to lock.2. Connect the power connector from the power supply to the motherboard. ATX power connector types have only one way of installation so it will not be reversed. For non ATX type connectors with two separate ground wires then black should be placed side by side and mounted in the middle of the motherboard power connector. Connect the power cord for the fan, if you use the fan for the CPU cooler.
7. Installing the Motherboard Cable and Casing
Once the motherboard is installed in the casing next step is to install the cable I / O panel with the motherboard and chassis.
1. Connect the data cable to the floppy drive connector on the motherboard floppy controller2. Attach the IDE cable to the primary and secondary IDE connector on the motherboard.3. For non-ATX motherboard. Pairs of serial and parallel port cable to the connector on the motherboard. Note the position of pin 1 to install.4. At the back of the casing there is a hole to install additional types of non-slot port. Open the lock plate screw holes covered lalumasukkan port connector port that you want to install and replace the screws back.5. When the mouse port is not yet available in the back of the card casing mouse connector must be installed and connected to the mouse connector on the motherboard.6. Wiring connectors on the front panel of the switch chassis, LED, internal speakers and ports are mounted on the front of the casing when the motherboard. Check the motherboard diagram to locate the proper connector.
8. Installing the Drive
The procedure to install the hard disk drive, floppy, CD ROM, CD-RW or DVD is the same as follows:
1. Pellet dislodged drive bay cover (space to drive on the casing)2. Enter the front drive bays with the first set jumper settings (as master or slave) on the drive.3. Adjust the position of the screw holes in the drive and casing and replace the retaining screw drive.4. Connect the drive to the IDE cable connector and the connector on the motherboard (primary connector is used first)5. Repeat step 4 for every 1 samapai installation drive.6. When the IDE cable is connected to the du drives jumper settings make a difference both the first drive set as master and the other as the slave.7. Secondary IDE connector on the motherboard can be used to connect two additional drives.8. Floppy drive is connected to a special floppy connector on the motherboard
Connect the power cable from the power supply to each drive.
9. Installing the Adapter Card
Common adapter card is installed video cards, sound, network, modem and SCSI adapters. Video card generally must be installed and installed before any other adapter card. How to install the adapter:
1. Hold the adapter card at the edges, avoid touching electronic components or circuit. Press the card until the connector fit in the expansion slot on the motherboard2. Plug the card into the chassis retaining screw3. Reconnect the internal cables on the card, if any.
10. Penyelessaian End
1. Put the chassis cover by sliding2. connect the cable from the power supply into the wall socket.3. Plug the monitor into the video card port.4. Plug the phone cable into the modem port if any.5. Connect the keyboard cable connector and plug the mouse into the mouse port or serial poert (depending on the type of mouse).6. Connect other external devices such as speakers, joystick, and microphone if any to the appropriate port. Check the manual of the card to make sure the location of the port adapter.
Examination
The new computer is assembled can be tested with the BIOS setup program. How to conduct testing with BIOS program as follows:
1. Turn on the monitor and the system unit. Note the display monitor and the sound from the speakers.2. Fost program of the BIOS will automatically detect the installed hardware dikomputer. If there are errors then display a blank monitor and speaker emits a beep on a regular basis as an indication of the error code. Check the BIOS to determine the reference code is meant by error indication beep codes.3. If no error occurs then the monitor displays the execution of the POST program. Press the interrupt key BIOS per the instructions on the screen to enter the BIOS setup program.4. Check out all the hardware detection by the BIOS setup program. Some settings may have changed its value, especially the capacity of hard drives and boot sequence.5. Save the setting changes and exit the BIOS Setup.
After exiting the BIOS setup, the computer will load an operating system with appropriate search order settings in the BIOS boot sequence. Insert a bootable diskette or CD containing the operating system to drive the search.
Workaround
A common problem in computer assembly and handling, among others:
1. Computer or monitor does not turn, probably caused by the switch or power cord has not been connected.2. Card adapter is not detected due to the installation of card not fitting into the slot /
LED of the hard disk, floppy or CD illuminate due to an error or a wiring connector pins are not fitting connected.
Operating System
Windows XPName XP itself, according to Microsoft is an abbreviation of the word Experience, which means Windows XP brings a new experience in the world of computing, or at least that is expected by Microsoft.Changes in user interface and procedure for use is very revolutionary, as it did from DOS to Windows 3.0, and from Windows 3.1 to Windows 95. more revolutionary changes will occur at the launch of Microsoft Windows Vista.Windows XP itself based on Windows NT and includes the NT family. Are included in the NT family is Windows 2000 Server and Windows Server 2003, Windows 2000 & 2003. NT family, especially the server, has a good ability to be a server.BackgroundWindows XP previously known codenamed "Whistler", which was developed by Microsoft developers in the mid-2000s. Along with this project, Microsoft is also working on a new project generation successor Windows Windows Me (Millennium Edition), called codenamed "Windows Neptune" is projected as "Windows NT version of the home".After Windows ME is considered less successful rival the success of Windows 98, Microsoft finally decided to marry the two pieces of the Windows operating systems (Windows NT-based operating systems and Windows 9x-based operating system) into a product. That's what we know now with Windows XP.Various XPWindows XP comes in many types:Windows XP ProfessionalWindows XP Home EditionWindows XP Media Center EditionWindows XP Tablet PC EditionWindows XP Starter EditionWindows XP Professional x64 EditionWindows XP Professional 64-Bit Edition for ItaniumWindows XP ProfessionalWindows XP Professional is the Windows XP operating system made specifically for the desktop computers that are connected to a network with a domain managed by Active Directory of Windows 2000 Server or Windows Server 2003. In addition, this version was arguably much more expensive than the full Windows XP Home Edition. He could be a server computer, though can only hold a maximum of ten clients can login simultaneously.
Windows 7Windows 7 is the latest release of Microsoft Windows, a series of operasiyang systems produced by Microsoft for use on personal computers, including home and business desktops, laptops, netbooks, tablet PCs, and media center PCs. [5] Windows 7 was released to manufacturing on July 22, 2009, [6] and reached general retail availability on October 22, 2009, [7] less than three years after the release of its predecessor, Windows Vista. Partner server Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 R2, was released at the same time.Unlike Windows Vista, which introduced a large number of new features, Windows 7 was intended to be an upgrade, more focused enhancements to the Windows line, with the goal of being compatible with applications and hardware which Windows Vista is already compatible. [8] Presentations given by Microsoft in 2008 focused on multi-touch support, a redesigned Windows shelldengan a new taskbar, referred to as the Superbar, a home networking system called HomeGroup, [9] and performance improvements. Some standard applications that have been included with prior releases of Microsoft Windows, including Windows Calendar, Windows Mail, Windows Movie Maker, and Windows Photo Gallery, are not included in Windows 7; [10] [11] most are instead offered separately at no responsible responsibility as part of the Windows Live Essentials suite
Windows VistaWindows Vista is an operating system released in several variations developed by Microsoft for use on personal computers, including home and business desktops, laptops, tablet PCs, and media center PCs. Prior to its announcement on July 22, 2005, Windows Vista was known by its codename "Longhorn." [4] Development was completed on November 8, 2006, during the three months after it was released in stages to computer hardware and software manufacturers, business customers, and retail channels. On January 30, 2007, was released worldwide, [5] and was made available for purchase and download from Microsoft's website. [6] The release of Windows Vista came more than five years after the introduction of its predecessor, Windows XP, the longest time span between successive releases of Microsoft desktop operating Windowssistem. It was succeeded by Windows 7, which was released to manufacturing on July 22, 2009, and to the general public on October 22, 2009.Windows Vista contains many changes and new features, including updated graphical user interface and visual style dubbed Aero, a redesigned search function, multimedia tools including Windows DVD Maker, and redesigned networking, audio, print, and display sub-systems. Vista aims to increase the level of communication between machines on a home network, using peer-to-peer technology to simplify sharing files and media between computers and devices. Windows Vista includes version 3.0 of the. , Allowing software developers to write applications without traditional Windows APIs.Microsoft's primary stated objective with Windows Vista was to improve the state of security in the Windows operating system. [7] One common criticism of Windows XP and its predecessors was their commonly exploited security vulnerabilities and overall susceptibility to malware, viruses and buffer overflows. In light of this, Microsoft chairman Bill Gates announced in early 2002 the company-wide "Trustworthy Computing initiative "which aims to incorporate security into every aspect of software development at the company. Microsoft stated that it prioritized improving the security of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 above finishing Windows Vista, thus delaying its completion. [8]While new features and security improvements have garnered positive reviews, Vista has also been the target of much criticism and negative press. Criticism of Windows Vista has targeted its high system requirements, its terms are more restrictive license, the inclusion of a number of new digital rights management technologies aimed at restricting the copying of protected digital media, lack of compatibility with some pre-Vista hardware and software, and the number of authorization request User Account Control. As a result of these and other issues, Windows Vista had seen initial adoption and satisfaction rates lower than Windows XP.
Macintoshor abbreviated as Mac, is one type of PowerPCyang based personal computer manufactured by Apple. This computer is named after the McIntosh, the preferred type of apple Jef Raskin. Macintosh was first introduced in January 1984 through the Super Bowl ads are phenomenal. Macintosh is the first to introduce a computer system graphical user interface (GUI). At that time, the steps taken by Apple is a revolutionary development in the world komputerpersonal.Making Mac is a form of vertical integration model where Apple facilitates all aspects of hardware and operating systems are installed on all Mac computers. This is in contrast to the PC type computers in general, where many manufacturers create and integrate hardware with operating systems made by other manufacturers. Meanwhile, Apple is exclusively made Mac hardware and regulate how the internal systems, designs, and also the price. Not only that, Apple did not license Mac OS X for non-Apple computers.
Linux
Originally developed by Linus Torvalds, who initially required a terminal emulation to access the UNIX server in the university was. Linux is a clone of MINIX (One variant of UNIX), system equipment and libraries usually come from the GNU Operating System. Linux has a lot of design that comes from the basic design of UNIX, Linux Kernel Monilitik using the Linux kernel that handles prosses control, networking, peripherals, and file system access. Just like UNIX, Linuxpun can be controlled by one or more command-line interface (Command Line Interface / CLI) text-based, graphical user interface (Graphical User Interface / GUI) which is the default configuration for dektop version.
On the computer desktop, GNOME, KDE and Xfce are the most popular user interface user interface among other variants. A Linux system provides a command line interface via a shell (Konsole). The main difference between Linux and other Operating Systems Popular lies in the Linux kernel and its components are free and open. Just like on UNIX, Linux Workstation and Server concentrates on many workstations and servers that rely on Linux because Linux is very stable to use for a long time and Linuxpun immune to malware.
WEBWorld Wide Web or "Web", a hypertext system that operates over the Internet Web 2.0, a perceived transition of the Web from a collection of websites to a full computing platform serving web applications World Wide Web Conference (WWW), an annual international academic conference on the topic of the future direction of the World Wide Web World Wide Web Consortium, also known as W3C and W3.org, the main international standards organization for the World Wide Web WorldWideWeb, the first web browser and editor Web.com, a public company that offers website and other services to small businesses and consumers Net (web hosting), a website that allows users to create a free website WEB, a computer programming system created by ole"WWW" redirects here. For other uses, see WWW (disambiguation)."Web" redirects here. For other uses, see Web (disambiguation).Not to be confused with the Internet. The World Wide Web (abbreviated as WWW or W3, [2] and commonly known sebagaiWeb) is an interconnected system of hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text, images, video, and lainnyamultimedia and navigate between them via hyperlinks.Using concepts from earlier hypertext systems, British engineer and computer scientist Sir Tim Berners-Lee, now Director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), wrote a proposal in March 1989 for what would eventually become the World Wide Web. [1] PadaCERN in Geneva, Switzerland, Berners-Lee and Belgian computer scientist Robert Cailliau proposed in 1990 to use hypertext "... to link and access information of various kinds as a web of nodes in which the user can browse at will", [3] and they publicly introduced the project in December. [4]"The World Wide Web was developed to be a pool of human knowledge, and human culture, which would allow collaborators in remote sites to share their ideas and all aspects of a project